- culture concept first clear definition developed by British anthropologist
Sir Edward Burnett Tylor - examples of species of animals that lead a social
existence without culture: ants, bees therefore, society can exist without
culture, but culture cannot exist without society - no member of a society has
exact version of his/her culture as another - gender: the meanings cultures
assign to the biological differences of the sexes -therefore, one’s sexual
identity or gender is culturally constructed - gender differences are as old as
human culture- about 2.5 mill. yrs. -“ “ arose from biological differences -
relationships
between food foragers are open although both sexes usually do not
carry out same tasks - subculture: a distinctive set of standards & behavior
patterns that a group within a larger society operates by - example of
subculture: Amish (who rely on horse for transportation as well as agriculture &
have their own set of ideas dissimilar as well as similar to the society) -
old-order Amish originated in Austria and Moravia during Reformation- now mainly
populate Ohio, Indiana & Pennsylvania - pluralistic societies: societies that
have a diversity of cultural patterns -
